Are you a java student who has just passed out the college or just completed the full stack java course? Preparing for the interview but stuck up with the bulk amount of “previously asked full stack java interview questions” in internet.
Then this blog will be your guide. Here is the top important interview questions asked for full stack developer role in the interview for the freshers. We also provided you with the answers that will give you clarity on how to answer them.
Best interview questions for Front-End Development:
What is meant by front-end development?
It is a simple process of creating user interface and user experience of a web application. It involves implementing the visual aspects that users generally interact with such as., layouts, buttons, and animations.
What is the difference between HTML and CSS?
HTML defines the structure and content of a webpage, while CSS styles and enhances its appearance.
What else you can learn?
| Feature | HTML | CSS |
| Full Form | HyperText Markup Language | Cascading Style Sheets |
| Purpose | Defines the structure and content of a webpage | Styles and enhances the appearance of a webpage |
| Syntax | <html>, <head>, <body>, <p>, <h1> | Uses selectors (class, id, element) with properties and values |
| Example Code | <p>Hello World</p> | p { color: white; } |
What is meant by JavaScript and why do you use it?
JavaScript is considered a high level, interpreted programming language.
- It allows users to create dynamic and interactive webpages.
- It allows the document manipulation and object model
- It handles events and validates forms.
- It supports animations and asynchronous functionalities.
Which frameworks are mostly used for front-end development?
Which frameworks are mostly used for front-end development?
- React.js
- Angular.js
- Vue.js
- Bootstrap
What is the full form of DOM?
DOM means Document Object Model.
As a programming interface it represents the structure of HTML or XML document as a tree-like structure. Where each element is treated as a node.
Top Back-End Development interview Questions:
What are the main features of Java?
The main features of java are:
- Java is an object-oriented programming language.
- It is platform-independent i.e., write the code once and run anywhere.
- It is a very robust and secure language.
- Allows multithreading for better performance.
What are OOPs in Java?
OOPs are stated as Object Oriented Programming System. As a programming paradigm it organizes code into objects.
There are 4 main principles of OOPs in java. They are:
- Encapsulation
- Inheritance
- Polymorphism
- Abstraction
What are static methods and static variables?
Static methods are declared with the “static” keyword. It belongs to only class but not the object of that respective class.
Static variables are also declared as “static” keyword which belongs to the class itself but not to any individual object of the class. It maintains a single value across all the objects.
List the difference between final, finally, and finalize?
| Keywords | Description |
| final | Declares the constants. Prevents the method overriding and inheritance. |
| finally | A block in exception handling that always executes, regardless of whether an exception occurs or not. |
| finalize | A method called by the garbage collector which cleans up before an object is destroyed. |
What is the difference of “==” and “.equals()” in Java?
== is used for memory references. It compares if two objects point to the same memory location or not.
.equals() is used to check the content equality. It compares the actual values of objects.
Database:
List the difference between SQL and NoSQL databases?
SQL database will follow the structured, table-based format. While NoSQL database uses flexible data models.
Examples for SQL: MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server
Examples for No SQL: MongoDB, Cassandra, Redis
| Feature | SQL Database | NoSQL Database |
| Structure | Follows a structured, table-based format | Uses flexible data models like key-value, document, column, or graph |
| Schema | Requires a predefined schema. | It has dynamic and flexible schema. |
| It is best for | Complex queries and structured data | Large-scale applications with unstructured or semi-structured data |
| Examples | MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server | MongoDB, Cassandra, Redis |
How do you optimize SQL queries for better performance?
- Use indexes to speed up searches.
- Avoid SELECT *, instead specify required columns.
- Use joins efficiently and avoid unnecessary subqueries.
- Normalize tables to eliminate data redundancy.
- Use query caching for frequently accessed data.
List the different types of indexes in a database?
- Primary Index
- Unique Index
- Clustered Index
- Non-Clustered Index
- Full-Text Index
How can you handle database migrations in a Java application?
Database migrations ensure smooth schema changes. To handle it use the tools like:
- Flyway
- Liquibase
- Hibernate Schema Update
How do you ensure database security in a full-stack Java application?
- Use prepared statements to prevent SQL injection.
- Implement role-based access control.
- Encrypt sensitive data before storing it.
- Regularly update database software and apply security patches.
- Use firewalls and VPNs for secure database access.
Conclusion:
We all know cracking an interview is tough but with the best guidance it is simple. For a full stack java developer role, you need a deep understanding of front-end, back-end, and database. These important full stack java interview questions will build confidence in you to attend the interview. Get ready to enter into the software industry!
